This article attempts to offer some strategies for preventing terrorism on the basis of experiences obtained through situational crime prevention in other crimes. There is no fundamental difference between crime and terrorism. It is a crime that is committed with political motive. For the prevention of terrorism, the rationality of terrorist’s decision-making and the structure of opportunity must be analyzed and recognized. Terrorists are interested in certain kinds of weapons and tools and for the purpose of the prevention of terrorism these weapons should be controlled, vulnerable targets should be protected and FACILITATING CONDITIONS should be eliminated. Finally five strategies of situational crime prevention for the prevention of terrorism are considered. Since terrorism has great variety and the structure of each attack is different from another, therefore each of them needs to be analyzed separately on the basis of these general principles.

The present research studied the (causal, contextual, and intervening) CONDITIONS, strategies, and consequences of violence in the lives of child wives in Chabahar city, conducted with a qualitative methodology based on grounded theory. For this purpose, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 child-married girls in Chabahar city who were selected through theoretical sampling and snowball method. The analysis of the data in the framework of the three-level open, axial and selective coding system showed that gendered inequality and discrimination, women's inferiority, men's value, the culture of silence and the culture of violence play a role in the experience of child-wives in terms of violence (causal CONDITIONS), which leads to a type of increased, double violence for them (core category); violence that operates within the framework of the family institution, the main mechanism of which are previous traditions and rules, and the perpetrators of which are men and women who were themselves the victims of the same traditions and rules that they have, now, internalized and used again against their daughters. This increased violence happens in a context where patriarchy is widespread (contextual CONDITIONS) and due to the generalized self-deprecation among child wives (intervening CONDITIONS), they may attempt to escape, get separated, threaten, and commit suicide (strategies), and these actions have consequences such as symbolic, physical, and sexual violence and even social isolation (consequences).

In this study, weather CONDITIONS such as air humidity, temperature air, and wind speed were investigated in relation to wind turbine efficiency with the approach of an exergy study. In this study, the wind speed has been investigated in two different climatic regions of Iran with an approximate distance of 1200 km, in the names of Ardabil and Marvast. The amount of wind density of Ardabil is equal to 66 (kW/m2) and Marvast is equal to 123 (kW/m2). Power production using a 10 (Kw) wind turbine in the Ardabil region is 2.3 (MWh) and in the Marvast region is 3.2 (MWh) per year. The highest wind turbine exergy efficiency is 0.48 in the Ardabil region, and the highest exergy efficiency in the Marvast region is 0.18. The amount of reduction of CO2 gas production, using wind turbines in comparison to gas and diesel power plants in Ardabil, are 1.1 and 2.1 tons and in Marvast are 1.5 and 2.9 tons per year. This reduction in CO2 greenhouse gas per year is equal to using a forest region of 1000 (m2) to 3000 (m2). The use of wind turbines reduces the fuel consumption of diesel power plants in the Ardabil region for the amount of 797.4 liters and in the Marvast region for the amount of 1244 liters of diesel per year. According to this review, it can be concluded that in addition to wind speed, air humidity plays a significant role in the selection, installation, and commissioning of wind turbines in the region. According to this survey, it can be seen that in the Ardabil region, the wind speed of the wind turbine has a higher exergy efficiency than in the Marvast region, and it can be concluded that the wind turbine has performed better in the Ardabil region.

To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and water withholding in vegetative growth stage of corn on efficacy of nicosulfuron and 2,4-D+ MCPA an experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Tarbiat Modares University in 2017. The first factor contained four treatments including application of nicosulfuron, 2,4-D+ MCPA, weed free and weed infested as control. The second factor consisted of normal irrigation and water withholding from 4 to 8 leaf stage. Third factor contained either urea application or no fertilizer application. Normal irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application significantly increased nicosulfuron and 2,4-D+ MCPA efficacy in weed control and total weed dry weight decreased to 341 and 361 g.m-2 respectively compared 1370 g.m-2 as weed infested. Nicosulfuron and 2,4-D+ MCPA reduced weed total dry weight significantly under irrigation withholding. Grain yield increased with application of nitrogen and nicosulfuron. Grain yield was higher with application of 2,4-D+ MCPA than nicosulfuron without nitrogen application under irrigation withholding. Application of nicosulfuron with nitrogen application provided satisfactory weed control and increased grain yield.

Background and Aim: Childbirth is one of the most important natural events in women's lives and pain is a common phenomenon and an inevitable part of childbirth. Therefore, since the past centuries, many efforts have been made by physician to facilitate childbirth. The present study aims to review the innovations of Avicenna as a physician who emphasizes clinical medicine along with observation and his theories have been compared with modern medical science. Methods: In this research, a review using library documents and electronic search using keywords Medical History Labor, Facilitation Methods, Pregnancy, Iranian Medicine, Avicenna, in databases, Scopus PubMed, Proquest, Blackwel, Ovid Google Scholar, Ebsco, methods of FACILITATING childbirth from Avicenna's point of view and compared with modern medical findings. Ethical Considerations: This research has been done only by relying on library resources and the principle of fidelity and honesty of quoting the used texts, the originality of the sources and avoiding bias in referring to texts or analyzes, has been observed. Results: In the third book, which is about recognizing and treating diseases of the body, chapters on reproductive health and pregnancy complications, infertility, its causes and treatment, fetal sex and embryology, delivery management and difficult birth, abortion and the CONDITIONS and management of it have been assigned that by examining the part related to childbirth in this part and comparing them with the current protocols, we will realize their similarity. Perhaps the methods that is common now and originate from Avicenna medicine. From European countries, non-pharmacological methods such as massage and aromatherapy are used to facilitate childbirth. Conclusion: The present study aims to determine methods of FACILITATING childbirth based on the perspective of the law book. To review ancient medicine and medical history of Iran by providing methods to facilitate childbirth to improve fertility and childbirth. By re-reading Avicenna views on childbirth, we have reached important and practical points and we will find the roots of many modern medicine methods related to childbirth in Avicenna theories and experiences. Please cite this article as: Arabi P, Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Salehi M, Shamsi M, Najdi N. Innovations in FACILITATING Childbirth View Point Avicenna. Tārīkh-i pizishkī, i. e., Medical History. 2023,15(48): e10.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of effort expectancy, social influences, and FACILITATING CONDITIONS in the intention to use information and communication technology with the mediating role of performance expectancy among graduate students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Methodology: The present study is a descriptive-survey correlational study based on the structural equation model in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study is all graduate students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences with a number of 1500 people. The statistical sample of this research is 306 people who have been selected by the stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool is a translation and synthesis of a standard questionnaire based on the use of technology modified by the researcher. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on content validity, face validity, and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis, CFA) and its reliability coefficient was obtained based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient which is equal to 0. 86. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient) and inferential statistics (path analysis of structural equation model) by SPSS and LISREL software. Finding: The results showed that the variables of effort expectancy, social influences, and facilitator CONDITIONS with mediating role of performance expectancy have a positive and significant causal effect on the intention to use information and communication technology of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences students with mediating role of performance expectation (p<. 01). Conclusion: The use of information and communication technology in the educational and research goals of students is a good opportunity and it is necessary to consider the attitudes of educational organizations and policy makers based on the results of such research.